In modern scientific thought, in the context of the anthropological turn, interest in man, including his behavior during crises, is noticeably increasing. Moreover, the transition from the study of “great people and events” to “history from below” is becoming very relevant, thereby emphasizing the value of any person as a subject of history. Thus, in our opinion, the image of Orthodox clergymen who performed their duty in the national regions of Russia in various periods of its imperial history, including during military campaigns, is very interesting. Of interest are regimental priests, who were one of the main translators of military norms and regulations for soldiers. Regimental priests were rightfully considered an important element of the spiritual, moral and patriotic education of military personnel, being an essential part of the military priesthood of the Russian Empire. The presented topic seems to us very relevant in light of modern realities occurring in foreign policy, the revival of the institution of military clergy in our country, whose role is the most important in the system of military-patriotic education of believing military personnel. This article is structured according to the principle from the general to the particular: from the establishment of the military clergy institute in the Caucasus, the principles of its functioning in the first half of the 19th – early 20th centuries to the peculiarities of its creation in Dagestan, which allows us to see the long-term experience of the department functioning. The methodological basis of the study is the historical and anthropological approach, in which the phenomenon of man becomes central. The symbiosis of the history of everyday life with an appeal to the sociological approach (norm – anomaly) and microhistory will allow us to reconstruct the life of ordinary regimental priests, focusing on their everyday life and service. The scientific foundation for the study is primarily the documents of the funds of the Central State Archive of the Republic of Dagestan, office materials, and documents of personal origin.