Fidarova, Rima Ya. , Kaitova, Irina A.
Izvestia SOIGSI. 2020. IIS 35 (74).

Abstract:
Critical realism is an artistic method by which Ossetian literature reflects life in the forms of
life itself – in images created through specific techniques of typifying various phenomena and facts
of reality. It is this very method which makes it possible for literature to become the most important
means of understanding the world and a man, to reveal the sometimes contradictory essence of
life, to procedurally show the interaction of the hero and reality, the influence of socio-historical
circumstances on the formation of one’s personality. One of the most important functions of the
Ossetian art of critical realism is an artistic study of social reality in the progressive course of its
development, i.e. the study and analysis of not only forms of relationships between people among
themselves existing in the society, but also of the process of maturing of completely new types of
people, characters and circumstances. In general, this significantly changes the nature and essence
of the Ossetian literature. Critical realism in the Ossetian literature embodies the principles of a lifetruthful
depiction of the reality, the purpose of which is deep, consistent and meaningful knowledge
of a person and the world around him in all their contradictory essence. As a form of public
consciousness, the Ossetian literature of critical realism reflects the essence of the objective world of
the Ossetians, but not passively and speculatively. Understanding the epistemological foundations of
the Leninist theory of reflection leads to an understanding of the importance and necessity of raising
the question of the philosophical foundations of critical realism in the Ossetian literature. In general,
this makes it possible to study the complex dialectics of its relationship to reality. Critical realism
poses and solves complex philosophical problems in the Ossetian literature, exploring the structure
of bourgeois society at the turn of the XIXth and XXth centuries, i.e. at the intersection of eras, the
uniqueness and essence of labor, property, morality, family, man, people, classes, the specifics of the
system of public administration, the evolution of social and individual consciousness, the spirituality
of Ossetian society, etc. Critical realism makes it possible to deeply and multifacetedly analyze the
«anatomy» of Ossetian society and the general social life of Ossetians. So, thanks to critical realism,
Ossetian literature has formed a universally-integrated philosophical view of the social life, of the
relationship between society and man; accumulated a great artistic and aesthetic experience in
understanding the problems of the society and a man.

Keywords: critical realism, Ossetian literature, hero and reality, man, society, classes, family.

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