KABARDINO-BALKARIA ON THE SOVIET SCREEN: “ETHNOGRAPHIC FILM” BY ANATOLY TERSKOI

	ISSN 2223-165X
	Izvestiya SOIGSI

Home Editorial board Publication ethics Current Information Archive Peer review guidelines Contacts Address: Pr. Mira, 10, Vladikavkaz, 362040, RNO-A, Russia E-mail: soigsi@mail.ru	DOI: 10.46698/VNC.2021.79.40.002 KABARDINO-BALKARIA ON THE SOVIET SCREEN: “ETHNOGRAPHIC FILM” BY ANATOLY TERSKOI Golovnev, Ivan A. Izvestia SOIGSI. 2021. IIS 40 (79). Abstract: In the 1920s in the USSR, the production of so called “cultural films” about the nationalities and territories of the country was developed. These films were popular with viewers, being the only opportunity for many to make a film journey through the “Sixth Part of the World”. And one of the most popular places for filming local history films was the Caucasus – the films made in the region became a literal discovery of this territory for the population of the capitals and central regions. This process also had a political background – a project to create a “Cinema-Atlas of the USSR” – an almanac about Sovietization of a multinational country. The article examines theoretical developments that have not been presented in the humanitarian circulation, devoted to the development of ethnographic cinema in the USSR, and tested in practice in the form of film materials about Kabardino-Balkaria, created by film-director A. Terskoi with the active participation of the scientific consultant N. Yakovlev. The silent film screen directly or indirectly reflected the silhouettes of the ideology and politics, identity and culture of a distinctive territory during the period of historical transformation (from the outskirts of the Russian Empire to the Soviet autonomous region). Terskoi’s theoretical experiments are a contribution to science, being one of the earliest domestic concepts of visual anthropology. And his footage reveals regional features of the implementation of the central programs of Soviet construction. Finally, films about the Caucasus were a profitable export commodity – they were widely shown at the box office in foreign countries, shaping in the public consciousness the image of a multi-layered mountainous country. The conclusion is drawn about the potential of the ethnographic film document as a historical source and as an actual resource for use in a wide range of modern scientific and creative practices. Keywords: ethnographic cinema, Terskoi, Kabardino-Balkaria, Cinema-Atlas of the USSR + References 1. Matorin, N.M. Programma dlya izucheniya bytovogo pravoslaviya [Program for the study of everyday Orthodoxy]. Leningrad, Central’noe byuro kraevedeniya, 1930. 18 p. 2. Makariev, S.A. Polevaya etnografiya: Kratkoe rukovodstvo i programmy dlya sbora etnograficheskikh materialov v SSSR [Field Ethnography: A Brief Guide and Programs for Collecting Ethnographic Materials in the USSR]. Leningrad, Etnograficheskaya ekskursionnaya komissiya etnootdeleniya geofaka LGU, 1928. 103 p. 3. Golovnev, I.A. Kinoatlas SSSR: istoriya proekta [Cine-Atlas of the USSR: the history of the project]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul’turologiya i iskusstvovedenie [Tomsk State University Journal of Cultural Studies and Art History]. 2020, iss. 38, pp. 12–24. 4. Terskoi, A. S peredvizhkoi po Kavkazu [With moving cinema across the Caucasus]. Sovetskii ekran [Soviet screen]. 1925, iss. 19, p. 2. 5. Terskoi, A. Iz dnevnika kino-rabotnika [From the cinematographer’s dairy]. Sovetskii ekran [Soviet screen]. 1925, iss. 20, p. 3. 6. Terskoi, A. S’’emka refleksov litsa kak material dlya izucheniya derevenskogo zritelya (v poryadke obsuzhdeniya) [Capturing facial reflexes as material for studying the country viewer (for discussion)]. Kinozhurnal ARK [ARK Cinemajournal]. 1925, iss. 8, pp. 10–12. 7. Terskoi, A.N. S kinoapparatom po SSSR [With movie-camera across the URRS]. Moscow, Molodaya gvardiya, 1931. 173 p. 8. Terskoi, A. Kinoproizvodstvo i nauchnaya fil’ma [Cinema production and the scientific movie]. Izvestiya [News]. 1927, iss. 169, p. 6. 9. Terskoi, A. Kino-ekspeditsii [Film-expeditions]. Sovetskoe kino [Soviet cinema]. 1927, iss. 5–6, p. 13. 10. Sokolov, I.V. Kinostsenarii. Teoriya i tekhnika [Cinema scripts. The theory and the technics]. Moscow, Kinopechat’, 1926. 89 p. 11. Terskoi, A.N. Etnograficheskaya fil’ma [An ethnographic movie]. Moscow, Teakinopechat’, 1930. 187 p. 12. Golovnev, I.A. Kinoputeshestvie Nikolaya Lebedeva v “Stranu Nahcho” [Nicholay Lebedev’s Film Traveling to “The Country of Nakhcho”]. Izvestija SOIGSI [Proceedings of the North Ossetian Institute for Humanitarian and Social Studies]. 2019, iss. 1, pp. 56–72. 13. Heider, K. Ethnographic film. Austin, University of Texas Press, 1976. 161 p. 14. Khudyakov, M.G. Opyt leningradskikh etnografov [Leningrad ethnographers’ experience]. Etnografiya [Ethnography]. 1930, iss. 4, pp. 81–86. ← Contents of issue


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