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DOI: 10.46698/VNC.2021.80.41.003

INTEGRATION OF THE POLES INTO THE SOCIO-CULTURAL SPACE OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS (LATE 18TH – FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY).

Mirzoeva, Svetlana G. , Apazheva, Elena Kh.
Izvestia SOIGSI. 2021. IIS 41 (80).
Abstract:
Since the end of the eighteenth century, the Russian Empire has gradually increased its
presence in the North Caucasus. In this regard, different ethnic groups, including Poles, are
increasingly beginning to appear in this region. They now do not perceive it as something terrible,
since these territories since these territories are already under the control of Russia. The sources
of their penetration into the Caucasus were different: firstly, these were Russian employees with
their families who fell into Russia after the partitions of the Commonwealth and were sent to
serve in the North Caucasus due to internal rotations, and secondly, scientists and traveling
salesmen who saw in this region a safe and attractive place after the start of development by
Russia. A radical change in the situation in Russia in terms of eliminating the «white spots» of
history, the openness of archives, enable modern researchers to study moral, spiritual, social,
cultural and national problems in Russia in general, and in the North Caucasus, in particular.
The process of resettlement of Poles in this region is a topical issue today, since its study makes
it possible to trace the merger of completely different cultures and their beneficial influence
on each other. The cultural and educational activities of Poles in the North Caucasus region
in the nineteenth century manifested itself in the construction of Polish churches – churches,
the organization of schools, the improvement of cities and villages, the opening of resorts.
Educational activities, preservation of traditions, customs, mentality, and culture of the people
were necessary primarily for the Poles themselves, since they found themselves in a completely
new cultural space.
Keywords: North Caucasus, Polish diaspora, Poles, culture, preservation of traditions, Polish schools, churches
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