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DOI: 10.46698/VNC.2021.81.42.017

THE CAUCASUS IN RUSSIAN-IRANIAN POLITICAL AND DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS AT THE END OF THE XVI CENTURY

Byazrov, Aslan V. , Koibaev, Boris G.
Izvestia SOIGSI. 2021. IIS 42 (81).
Abstract:
The article examines the “Caucasian question” in the Russian-Iranian political and diplomatic
relations at the end of the XVI century. In the 1580s – 1590s, under the conditions of intensified
Ottoman expansion, political and diplomatic relations were established between Safavid Iran
and the Russian state. During this period, the intensification of the foreign policy of Iran and
the Russian state in the Caucasus was noted, which was due to its geostrategic significance.
However, the further development of bilateral cooperation was hampered by the problem of
delimiting the spheres of political influence in the Caucasian region. An important condition
for the achievement of the political domination of Kazvin and Moscow in the Caucasus was
the foreign policy orientation of the Caucasian peoples, which was predetermined by a number
of factors: geographical proximity, common national interests and traditional cultural values,
and the desire to maintain independence through political maneuvering between the interests
of the three powers. The Caucasian peoples, on the one hand, took an active part in organizing
the liberation struggle against external conquerors, on the other hand, they sought to enlist the
support of powerful neighboring states, expressing their readiness to maintain a foreign policy
orientation that corresponded to their national interests. Based on a wide range of archival
documents and memoirs, the policy of Iran and Russia in the Caucasus, Russian-Iranian political
and diplomatic relations are comprehensively studied, the role and place of the Caucasian region
in relations between the two countries at the end of the 16th century is determined, and the
impact of the Turkish factor on transformation of Russian-Iranian bilateral relations is shown.
The methodological basis of the research was formed by the methods of historical cognition
based on the principles of historicism, scientific objectivity and systems analysis.
Keywords: Caucasus, Iran, Russian state, Ottoman Empire, political and diplomatic relations, foreign policy
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