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DOI: 10.46698/VNC.2021.81.42.004
THE “GREAT TERROR” AS A CONSEQUENCE OF THE STRUGGLE WITHIN THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE CPSU
Babaev, Tamerlan Z.
Izvestia SOIGSI. 2021. IIS 42 (81).
Abstract:
The article discusses the reasons for the beginning of the “Great Terror”. The influence
of the NKVD № 00447, which was one of the main regulators of the terror of the late 30s,
is comprehended. The position of the “triples” in sentencing on the basis of the report of the
Prosecutor’s Office of the USSR has been studied.
The severity of the sentence received is determined depending on belonging to a certain
category in the gradation of the accused. The influence of the local leadership on a significant
increase in the number of repressed citizens is considered. The domestic historiography of the
1950s-2000s on the actual problem of the “Great Terror” is also analyzed. The Stalinist system
relied on the mechanism of “extraordinary” throughout its existence: waves of terror swept
in 1930-1932, in 1932-1934, in 1936-1938, in 1939-1945, in 1946- 1953. From the author’s
point of view, the scale of the mass terror of 1930-1932 and 1936-1938 are comparable in their
bitterness, transience and the number of repressed. Historiographical analysis has shown that
a consensus has been reached among Russian historians on the basic structure of the “Great
Terror”. A number of aspects of the problem remain controversial: prerequisites and causes,
periodization, reasons for completion; others require additional research: the role of the cultural
genotype and social attitudes of society, the consequences of terror, etc. The author, contrary to the
prevailing opinion, includes in the content of the “Great Terror” repression against the elite along
with the mass terror of “anti-Kulak” and “national” operations. The application of the methods
of modern social history makes us think more deeply about the socio-cultural foundations of
terror. Focusing on the exceptional role of Stalin in the organization of the “Great Terror”, we
should not forget that the dictator acted, finding support in utopian social expectations and the
mentality of the unbridled masses, the “combatant brutality” of his associates, generated by the
experience of the Civil War.
Keywords: Great Terror, NKVD order No. 00447, Stalin I.V., NKVD Troika
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