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DOI: 10.46698/VNC.2021.81.42.012

POETRY OF IRAN IN THE CONTEXT OF THE THEME OF “DEMONISM” BY M.YU. LERMONTOV: BI-DIRECTIONALITY OF THE VECTOR INTERTEXTUAL CONNECTIONS

Sadeghi Sahlabad, Zeinab , Mamieva, Izeta V.
Izvestia SOIGSI. 2021. IIS 42 (81).
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the study of the impact of the plot and ideas of Lermontov’s
poem “Demon” on the poets of Iran, understanding the reasons of the unrelenting interest of
Iranian authors in the different embodiment of demonism by a representative of a different
mentality, a different aesthetic and cultural experience. “Demon” was repeatedly translated
into Persian, but the most credited is the translation made by T. Tash, which influenced such
modern Persian poets as Nima Yushij and Mohammad Hossein Shahriyar. The extent of the
influence of Lermontov’s poem on their work is not limited to motivational and figurative
roll-calls. In the lexical and syntax structure, in the description of nature, in the nature of
the narrative and the romantic style of Iranian poems Lermontov’ influence is distinctly
traceable. Alongside with this, the article touches on the problem of two-vector intertextual
connections: the question of the origins of the ancient Iranian dualism in “Demon” and the
Caucasian folklore borrowings, in particular, the transformation in Lermontov’s plot of the
Ossetian Stories about the spirit of Gud-gori; this article, in parallel with this issue, reveals the
significance of Iblis’s symbolism in Iran’s mystical literature. A comparative method was used
as a method of work, which allowed to prove the similarity and unity of the human spirit and
worldview. Comparative analysis of the work of the Iranian poets also provides an opportunity
to show the peculiarities of interaction of national cultural codes. The choice between good
and evil on the level of the demonism archetype, between resisting temptation and a departure
from spiritual and moral standards of behavior clarifies the accents of artists in depicting the
disharmony of the world as the consequence of the blind and destructive passions, in depicting
the flaws and weaknesses of human nature, the tragedy of being estranged and outcast. The
results of the study contribute to the development of comparative literary studies. The article
proves that the world nature of literature, allowing the thoughts of one poet to penetrate
into the soul and mind of a poet of another nationality, creates a single semantic field. The
materials and conclusions of the article are of practical value in studying Iran’s literary ties
with other nations, and can be used in teaching comparative studies at The Russian Language
Departments in Iranian universities.
Keywords: “Demon”, M. Lermontov, Iran, translation, demonic concept, literary influence, N. Yushij, M.H. Shahriyar, Ossetian parallels
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