Sattsaev, Elbrus B.
Izvestia SOIGSI. 2022. IIS 44 (83).

Abstract:
In Iranian languages, the number of compound verbs prevails over simple verbs. There
are relatively few simple verbs in Iranian languages. Currently, the number of compound
verbs is constantly replenished. The nominal part of complex verbs can be expressed by
various categories of words. The largest group is made up of compound verbs, the nominal
part of which is expressed by nouns. Semantically, between the constituent components
and their combinations, there are two types of structural-semantic compound verbs. These
are motivated and unmotivated types. In the Iranian languages, among the structural
types of verbs, compound verbs prevail. However, there is still no clear definition of
compound verbs. They are considered either as free or as stable verb combinations.
Compound verbs represent a very complex picture; they are heterogeneous both in terms
of the semantic unity of the components and in the nature of the lexical and grammatical
relationships. In general, compound verbs have all the properties of verbs. However, they
are not considered compound words. They are verbal combinations of different stability,
and their components retain their verbal autonomy. These types can be divided into
three semantic groups, which are somewhat arbitrary. In Ossetian studies, the nature of
compound verbs as a whole has been little elucidated. Brief information about compound
verbs is given in the “Grammatical sketch of the Ossetian language” by V.I. Abaev and
in the textbook “The Modern Ossetian language” by N.K. Bagaev. Compound verbs form
a single accentual complex. However, in the Ossetian language the problem of stress
itself is complex and little studied. The issue of stress in compound verbs in the Iranian
languages is different.The verb component in complex verbs retains pragmatic properties.
The name may partially lose these properties. The Ossetian language, in comparison with
other Iranian languages, retains its pragmatic properties better. In all Iranian languages,
compound verbs can be replaced with compound verbs. In the grammars of the Iranian
languages, there is a discrepancy in the naming of compound verbs. However, recently
the term “compound verb” has been spreading, which is most consistent with this concept.
Recently, a deep comparative analysis of the compound verb of the Ossetian language
was carried out by Ossetian expert A.F. Kudzoeva in the article “Compound verbs in
the Ossetian and Persian languages”, which is the first sign in this direction, taking into
account the relatedness of the Iranian languages.

Keywords: compound verb, Ossetian language, Persian language, Afghan (Pashto) language

Download the full text  

+ References