|
Contacts
Address: Pr. Mira, 10, Vladikavkaz,
362040, RNO-A, Russia
E-mail: soigsi@mail.ru
|
DOI: 10.46698/VNC.2022.84.45.007
ON THE LNGUISTIC ASPECT OF THE EPIC FORMULA IN THE NARTS’ SAGAS
Besolova, Elena B.
Izvestia SOIGSI. 2022. IIS 45 (84).
Abstract:
The heroic epic monument about the Narts, stored in the people’s memory for centuries
turned out to be insufficiently represented due to the late fixation of the epic tradition. But
even what we have at the present time is quite illustrative of the strong and deep traditions of
epic creativity preserved by the Ossetians. They are called formulae, typical places‚ common
places (loci communes), set phrases, traditional clichés, conventional epithets. Formulae are
considered to be one of the typological universals of folklore and the basis of the oral poetic
technique of the text. Some scientists believed that the folk text should consist entirely of
formulae, others considered that an epic text cannot be based on formulae alone. According to
third group of scholars, every poetic trope is a set phraseological unit. The article deals with the
epic formula, the meaning of which is determined differently and is rather controversial both in
folklore and in the tradition on the whole. The phenomenon is determined by the ambiguity of
its definition, the national peculiarity of the way of life and ethno-cultural relationships, as well
as the role it has in aesthetic and religious ideas. Other significant factors are represented by
different understanding of the national and typological in the North Caucasian folklore; archaic
features of the traditional culture, geographical uniqueness of the region and other prerequisites.
The present article substantiates the differences between the folklore formula and linguistic
phraseology and literary topos, and focuses on the establishment of folklore identity of form
and meaning. The research differentiates between folklore formulae, free phrases and non-free
combination of words and meanings of the words; it describes the traditions and factors that
contributed to the preservation of the epic, etc.
Keywords: the Ossetian language, Narts’ sagas, epic formula, phraseological formula
+ References1. Lotman, Yu.M. Struktura khudozhestvennogo teksta [The structure of the artistic text].
Moscow, Iskusstvo, 1970. 384 p.
2. Bakhtin, M.M. Problema teksta v lingvistike, filologii i drugikh gumanitarnykh
naukakh: Opyt filosofskogo analiza [The Problem of Text in Linguistics, Philology and
Other Humanities: An Experience of Philosophical Analysis.]. Russkaya slovesnost’ [Russian
Literature: Anthology. Ed. V.P. Neroznak]. Moscow, Academia, 1997, pp. 227–249.
3. Tuganov, M. Novoe v nartovskom epose [New in the Nart epic]. Izvestiya YuONII
[Proceedings of the South Ossetian Research Institute]. 1946, vol. IV.
4. Vasilkova, Ya.V., Kisilier M.L. (eds.). Poetika traditsii [Poetics of traditions].
St. Petersburg, Evropeiskii dom, 2010. 394 p.
5. Veselovsky, A.N. Istoricheskaya poetika [Historical poetics]. Leningrad,
Khudozhestvennaya literatura, 1940. 650 p.
6. Maltsev, G.I. Traditsionnye formuly russkoi neobryadovoi religii [Traditional formulas
of Russian non-ritual religion]. Poetika russkogo fol’klora. Russkii fol’klor [Poetics of Russian
folklore. Russian folklore]. Leningrad, Nauka, 1981, vol. XXI, pp. 13–37.
7. Hilferding, A.F. Olonetskaya guberniya i ee narodnye rapsody [Olonets province and its
folk rhapsody]. Onezhskie byliny, zapisannye Aleksandrom Fedorovichem Gil’ferdingom letom
1871 goda [Onega epics, recorded by Alexander Fedorovich Hilferding in the summer of
1871]. Moscow-Leningrad, 1949, vol. I. 372 p.
8. Kodukhov, V.I. Obshchee yazykoznanie [General linguistics]. Moscow, Vysshaya
shkola, 1974. 303 p.
9. Narty kaddzhytæ: Iron adæmy epos [Nart sagas: the Ossetian national epic]. Vladikavkaz,
2007, book 4. (in Ossetian).
10. Zemtsovsky, I. Fol’klor i kompozitor. Teoreticheskie etyudy [Folklore and composer.
Theoretical studies]. Leningrad, Sovetskii kompozitor, 1977. 176 p.
11. Zhirmunsky, V.M. Sravnitel’noe literaturovedenie [Comparative literature]. Moscow,
Nauka, 1979. 496 p.
12. Bolotnova, N.S. Filologicheskii analiz teksta [Philological analysis of the text]. Moscow,
Flinta, Nauka, 2007. 520 p.
13. Abaev, V.I. Religiya, fol’klor, literature [Religion, folklore, literature]. Izbrannye trudy.
V 2-kh t. [Selected works. In 2 vols]. Vladikavkaz, Ir, vol.1. 1990. 638 p.
14. Kozhevnikova, V.M., Nikolaeva P.A. (eds.). Literaturnyi entsiklopedicheskii slovar’
[Literary encyclopedic dictionary]. Moscow, Sovetskaya entsiklopediya, 1987. 750 p.
15. Sokolov, Yu.M. Russkii fol’klor [Russian folklore]. Moscow, Gos. uch.-ped. izd-vo
Narkomprosa RSFSR, 1941. 558 p.
16. Peteneva, Z.M. Formul’nost’ kak opredelyayushchaya cherta stilistiki fol’klornogo
teksta [Formality as a defining feature of folklore text stylistics]. Voprosy stilistiki [Issues of
Stylistics]. Saratov, Saratov University, 1988, iss. 22, pp. 126‒134.
17. Meletinsky, E.M. “Edda” i rannie formy eposa [“Edda” and early forms of the epic].
Moscow, Nauka, 1968. 368 p.
18. Narty kaddzhytæ: Iron adæmy epos [Nart sagas: the Ossetian national epic].
Vladikavkaz, 2003, book 1. (in Ossetian).
19. Narty. Osetinskii geroicheskii epos [Narts. Ossetian heroic epic]. Moscow, Nauka,
1990, book 1-2.
20. Narty kaddzhytæ: Iron adæmy epos [Nart sagas: the Ossetian national epic].
Vladikavkaz, 2010, book 5. (in Ossetian).
21. Mysykkaty, B. Indoevropeiskaya poeticheskaya formula “nemerknushchaya slava”
v osetinskoi Nartiade [Indo-European poetic formula “unfading glory” in the Ossetian
Nartiada]. Nartamongæ. 2020, vol. XV, no. 1-2, pp. 131‒177.
22. Guriev, T.A. K metodike izucheniya onomastiki eposa [On the methodology for
studying the onomastics of the epic]. Problemy osetinskogo yazykoznaniya [Problems of
Ossetian linguistics]. Ordzhonikidze, 1984, iss. 1, pp. 155‒159.
23. Byazyrty, A. Poetika nartovskogo eposa [Poetics of the Nart epic]. Tskhinval, Iryston,
1986. (in Ossetian).
24. Isaev, M.I. Ocherki po frazeologii osetinskogo yazyka [Essays on the phraseology of the
Ossetian language]. Ordzhonikidze, Sev.-Oset. kn. izd-vo, 1964. 105 p.
25. Kusaeva, Z.K. Arfætæ (blagopozhelaniya) v sisteme epicheskogo povestvovaniya
osetinskoi “Nartiady” [Arfætæ (good wishes) in the system of the epic narrative of the Ossetian
“Nartiada”]. Nartovedenie v XXI veke: sovremennye paradigmy i interpretatsii [Nartology in
the XXI century: modern paradigms and interpretations]. 2013, no. 2, pp. 52–65.
26. Morgoeva, L.B. Paremii i rechevye formuly osetinskogo yazyka: semanticheskii,
pragmaticheskii i etnolingvisticheskii aspekty [Paremias and speech formulas of the Ossetian
language: semantic, pragmatic and ethnolinguistic aspects.]. Vladikavkaz, North Ossetian
Institute for Humanitarian and Social Studies, 2015. 162 p.
27. Miller, Vs. Osetinskie etyudy [Ossetian studies]. Vladikavkaz, 1992. 707 p.
28. Narty kaddzhytæ: Iron adæmy epos [Nart sagas: the Ossetian national epic].
Vladikavkaz, 2011, book 6. (in Ossetian).
29. Filin, F.P. Problemy istoricheskoi leksikologii russkogo yazyka. (Drevnii period)
[Problems of historical lexicology of the Russian language. (Ancient period)]. Voprosy
yazykoznaniya [Questions of linguistics]. 1981, no. 5, pp. 3‒17.
← Contents of issue
|
