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DOI: 10.23671/VNC.2019.73.42915

ARTIFICIAL IRRIGATION AS THE ELEMENT OF NATIONAL AGRICULTURE ENGINEERING IN OSSETIA (ONE OSSETIAN-IRANIAN PARALLEL)

Kulumbegov, Robert P.
Izvestia SOIGSI. 2019. IIS 34 (73).
Abstract:
The article considers the important technique of agriculture engineering, which allowed mountaineers
to increase productivity of their fields. In mountainous part of Ossetia, as in the Caucuses,
agriculture was connected with definite risks: poverty of the land, frequent droughts, hail, surface
washing by storm drains, early ground frosts. Naturally, mountaineers were looking for every possibility
to minimize these risks. And artificial irrigation gave possibility to increase and save harvests.
Despite the fact, that attention was paid to artificial irrigation in works, devoted to mountain agriculture
in the Caucuses, the subject of building the water arteries had not been sufficiently disclosed.
To some degree the present research fills the gap. The irrigation of cornfields and hayfields required
the creation of developed system of artificial irrigation, which means some skills in building and in
maintenance of an extensive system of water. The demand for this method of agriculture engineering
determined the development of specific building technologies and social disturbing regulations. The
conditions of rough area, significant difference in elevation brought into the world some methods of
laying water pipes. For this purpose, in particular, they used the natural ability of donkeys to choose
the optimal way from hill to plane. Along this way was laid direction of water artery. These technologies
find parallels in Iran, which can be explained by Iranian influence in the Caucasus or by special
aspects of the economy and culture, historically formed among various nations at corresponding
levels of social-economic development and similar geographical environment. The presence of such
important technology of agriculture engineering as irrigation determined the existence and special
aspects of regulation in this part: water pipes ownership, relations between land owners, determination
of irrigation norms and compliance with the order of water supply, etc.
Keywords: water, irrigation, gutter, field, slope, hayfield.
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