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DOI: 10.46698/VNC.2024.91.52.003

SOLOMON KAITUKOVICH GARDANOV: THE LIFE OF AN EDUCATOR AT THE INTERSECTION OF MODERNIZATION AND SOCIAL STRUGGLE

Kurichev, Konstantin V.
Izvestia SOIGSI. 2024. IIS 52 (91). P.77-101.
Abstract:
The study aims to show the relationship of the key processes of the history of Ossetia in
1850–1925: the modernization of society (primarily, the development of education) and
social struggle, with the activity of one of the first Ossetian teachers and educators Solomon
(Tsarai) Kaitukovich Gardanov. For the first time, a full-scale biography of S.K. Gardanov
was compiled from fragmentary information in various sources. Some information has
not been published in the scientific literature before. The analysis of the development
of the education system in North Ossetia, as well as agrarian relations in Digoria, the
region of S.K. Gardanov’s residence, allows the events of his life be included in a historical
context. It is shown that Russia invested large financial and organizational resources in
educational projects in Ossetia, which allowed S.K. Gardanov to graduate from a parish
school in the Volno-Khristianovskoye settlement in 1867 and to continue his education at
the Vladikavkaz Real School. Then he taught in schools of Ironeti, and mountain and plain
Digoria for more than half a century. Along with working as a teacher, S.K. Gardanov
actively participated in public life. He spread knowledge not among children only, but also
among adult peasants. He organized an educational community, which aimed to resolve
the conflict between landlords and peasants. In 1884, he became one of the leaders of the
peasant revolt, because of which he was sent into exile to the Chechen Island in the Caspian
Sea. After his exile, S.K. Gardanov continued his teaching work, took part in the congresses
of teachers of Ossetia. In 1919, he wrote an adapted textbook of the Russian language
for Ossetian children for whom Russian was no their native language. During the Civil
War, S.K. Gardanov participated in partisan actions on the side of bolshevik-kermenists.
Solomon Kaitukovich Gardanov, a teacher and public figure, occupies a worthy place in
the history of the Ossetian education.
Keywords: S.K. Gardanov, Ossetian studies, Ossetian intellectuals, education in Ossetia.
Download the full text  
For citation:: Kurichev, K.V. Solomon Kaitukovich Gardanov: the life of an educator at the intersection
of modernization and social struggle // Izvestiya SOIGSI. 2024. Iss. 52 (91). Pp. 77-101. (in Russian).
DOI 10.46698/VNC.2024.91.52.003
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