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DOI: 10.46698/VNC.2024.93.54.001
AGRICULTURE AMONG THE ALANS IN THE PRE-HUNNIAN PERIOD (1ST-4TH CENTURIES)
Kulumbegov, Robert P.
Izvestia SOIGSI. 2024. IIS 54 (93). P.16-24.
Abstract:
In historical science, a significant amount of research has been dedicated to the Alans. Scholars
specializing in Alanic studies focus on various aspects, including the emergence and establishment
of the people on the world stage, their political history, military affairs, religious beliefs, ideology,
dynastic relations, and international connections. However, in our opinion, the sphere of economy
and daily life has not received adequate attention. Without an understanding of the peculiarities
of the economic activities of a given people, there remains a gap that complicates the ability to
deeply comprehend various aspects of their history. Two significant events – the invasion of the
Huns and the Tatar-Mongol invasion—became pivotal turning points in the history of the Alans.
The progressive development of Alania, including the establishment of its economy, crafts, arts,
and culture, was interrupted for centuries as a result of each of these national catastrophes. In the
pre-Hunnic era, all the signs of statehood were present in Alania: populous cities with complex
layouts that became administrative and craft centers; a new level of social and political development
led to changes in the social structure and military affairs; and external policy and international
relations became more stable. The economic life underwent fundamental changes, with agriculture,
utilizing plowing tools, replacing the dominance of nomadic animal husbandry. The development
of this sector saw the genesis of soil cultivation tools, ranging from light plows to heavy pre-traction
plowing implements. The variety of agricultural crops also expanded, with the widespread use of
millet giving way to the cultivation of more prestigious grains—barley and wheat. The productivity
of the sector increased due to the expansion of field farming systems. Harvesting, threshing, and
storage tools were also improved.
Keywords: farming, field production, plow, farming systems, sowing, reaping, sickle.
Download the full text  For citation:: Kulumbegov, R.P. Agriculture among the Alans in the pre-Hunnian period (1st–4th
centuries) // Izvestiya SOIGSI. 2024. Iss. 54 (93). Pp.16-24. (in Russian). DOI 10.46698/VNC.2024.93.54.001
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