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DOI: 10.46698/VNC.2024.91.52.002
ORTAK AND BEGENDA IN THE SYSTEM OF REGULATION OF PROPERTY AND LAND RELATIONS OF THE BALKARIAN POPULATION OF THE NALCHIK DISTRICT AT THE BEGINNING OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
Abazov, Alexey Kh. , Baichekueva, Azinat Zh.
Izvestia SOIGSI. 2024. IIS 52 (91). P.62-76.
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the functioning of Ortak
(transfer by the owner of property or livestock for use by other persons under part of the
rent or offspring) and Begenda (transfer of a land plot for use as a security measure for
debt obligations) institutions in the system of regulation of property and land relations of
the Balkarian population of the Nalchik district in the early twentieth century. The study
was based on the office documentation of the Nalchik Mountain Verbal Court for resolving
disputes and conflicts in the field of use and disposal of livestock or property transferred to
ortak and begenda. It is revealed that at the beginning of the twentieth century ortak and
begenda both retained some of their traditional forms and changed under the influence of
Russian legal policy and transformations in the judicial system. Attention is drawn to the
execution of some transactions in this area in writing using an Arabic-language graphic
basis, their registration in the Nalchik SCS and their use as evidence in resolving disputes
and conflicts. The main activities of the official courts (temporary branch of the Nalchik
Mountain Verbal Court) and institutions of people’s justice (mediation / mediation courts)
in resolving disputes in this area are characterized: reliance on witness testimony and
written documents, taking into account the opinion of the people’s cadence, determining
the final amount of damage caused to the owners of property transferred to ortak and
begenda. It was established that the total amount of damage to the victim consisted of the
cost of livestock or real estate, the user’s profit, legal costs and lost profits of the owners. It is
concluded that at that time Ortak and Begenda continued to play an important role in the
system of regulation of property and land relations among the Balkars.
Keywords: Nalchik district, Balkars, customary law, socionormative culture, property relations, land relations, property, ortak, begenda.
Download the full text  For citation:: Abazov, A.Kh., Baichekueva, A.Zh. Ortak and begenda in the system of regulation of property
and land relations of the Balkarian population of the Nalchik district at the beginning of the twentieth
century // Izvestiya SOIGSI. 2024. Iss. 52 (91). Pp. 62-76. DOI 10.46698/VNC.2024.91.52.002
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